What condition is characterized by excessive outward curvature of the spine?

The condition characterized by excessive outward curvature of the spine is kyphosis. This spinal deformity generally affects the thoracic region and can lead to a hunchback appearance. In kyphosis, the excessive curvature may cause discomfort, impact posture, and affect respiratory function if severe.

Other conditions often confused with kyphosis include scoliosis, which involves a lateral curvature of the spine, and lordosis, which is an exaggerated inward curve of the lumbar region. Spinal stenosis, on the other hand, refers to the narrowing of the spinal canal and can lead to nerve compression, but it does not specifically denote a change in the outward curvature of the spine like kyphosis does. Understanding these distinctions clarifies the specific nature of kyphosis as it relates to spinal curvature.