Which structure articulates with the radial head and is located laterally?

The capitellum is the correct structure that articulates with the radial head and is located laterally on the humerus. This is significant as the capitellum serves as the surface for joint movement between the humerus and the radial head during elbow flexion and extension. This articulation plays a crucial role in the function of the elbow joint.

Understanding the anatomy, the capitellum is a rounded knob on the lateral distal end of the humerus, allowing for smooth articulation with the radial head. This relationship is essential for maintaining proper alignment and function of the elbow joint, particularly in activities involving forearm rotation and elbow motion.

In contrast, while the humerus is the bone that includes the capitellum, it does not specify the specific area that articulates with the radial head; thus, it is not as precise as identifying the capitellum. The ulna, found medially relative to the radial head, does not articulate with it; instead, it articulates primarily with the trochlea of the humerus. Lastly, the scaphoid is one of the carpal bones in the wrist and has no direct relationship to the radial head at the elbow, making it irrelevant in this context.